CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS
OF
ELITE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
EFFECTIVE DATE: June 22, 2004
INTRODUCTION
Elite
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware Corporation expects that directors, officers
and employees will conduct themselves ethically and properly as a matter or
course and comply with the guidelines set forth below.
This Code of
Business Conduct and Ethics (this "Code") is prepared, in large part, due to the
requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and rules of the American Stock
Exchange, NASD Stock Market and/or any exchange upon which the Company's stock
may be traded and is applicable to Elite Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and all direct
and indirect U.S. subsidiaries (hereinafter referred to collectively as the
"Company"). Directors, officers and employees of foreign subsidiaries are also
expected to act properly and consistent with country-specific guidelines
developed for such subsidiaries.
This Code
exists to provide the Company's directors, officers, employees, shareholders,
suppliers and members of the general public with an official statement as to how
the Company conducts itself internally and in the marketplace and certain
standards that the Company shall require of its directors, officers and
employees.
The Company's
Compliance Officer on the Effective Date of this Code is Mark I. Gittelman and
the term "Compliance Officer", as used in this Code, refers to the Company's
current Compliance Officer and any subsequent person appointed to that office.
PURPOSE
This Code is
intended to provide a codification of standards that is reasonably designed to
deter wrongdoing and to promote the following:
-
Honest and ethical conduct, including the ethical
handling of actual or apparent conflicts of interest between personal and
professional relationships;
-
Full, fair, accurate, timely and understandable
disclosure in reports and documents that the Company files with, or submits
to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") and in other public
communications made by the Company;
-
Compliance with applicable governmental laws, rules and
regulations;
-
The prompt internal reporting to an appropriate person or
persons identified in this Code for violations of this Code; and
-
Accountability for adherence to this Code.
SCOPE
This Code
applies to the Company's Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Chief
Financial Officer and persons performing similar functions as well as to all
directors, officers and employees of the Company. As used herein, the term
"Employees" shall be deemed to include each of the foregoing persons unless
specifically stated otherwise or unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
POLICY PROVISIONS
Under this
Code, all Employees including directors and officers (including the Company's
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and
persons performing similar functions) are expected to conduct business for the
Company in the full spirit of honest and lawful behavior and shall not cause
another Employee or non-Employee to act otherwise, either through inducement or
coercion.
I. Conflicts of Interest and Other Matters
Conflicts of
interest may arise when an Employee's position or responsibilities with the
Company present an opportunity for personal gain apart from the normal
compensation provided through employment. The following guidelines are provided:
A.
Protection and Proper Use of Company Funds and Assets
The assets of
the Company are much more than its properties, facilities, equipment, corporate
funds and computer systems; they include technologies and concepts, business
strategies and plans, as well as information about its business. These assets
may not be improperly used and/or used to provide personal benefits for an
Employee. In addition, an Employee may not provide outside persons with assets
of the Company for the Employee's personal gain or in such a manner as to be
detrimental to the Company. An Employee should protect the Company's assets and
ensure their efficient and proper use. Theft, carelessness and waste have a
direct impact on the Company's profitability. All Company assets should be used
for legitimate business purposes.
B.
Confidential Information
As part of an
Employee's job, he/she may have access to confidential information about the
Company, its Employees, agents, contractors, customers, suppliers and
competitors. Unless released to the public by management, this information
should not be disclosed to fellow Employees who did not have a business need to
know or to non-Employees for any reason, except in accordance with established
corporate procedures. Confidential information of this sort includes, but is not
limited to, information or data on operations, business strategies and growth,
business relationships, processes, systems, procedures and financial
information.
C.
Outside Financial Interests Influencing an Employee's Decisions or Actions
An Employee
should avoid any outside financial interest that might influence his or her
decision or action on matters involving the Company or its businesses or
property. Such interests include, among other things: (i) a significant personal
or immediate family interest in an enterprise that has significant business
relations with the Company; or (ii) an enterprise or contract with a supplier,
service-provider or any other company or entity where the Employee or a member
of the immediate family of the Employee is a principal or financial beneficiary
other than as an Employee. All such interests should be disclosed by the
Employee to the Company's Compliance Officer or if the Employee is the
Compliance Officer, to the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company.
D.
Outside Activities Having Negative Impact On Job Performance
An Employee
should avoid outside employment or activities that would have a negative impact
on his or her job performance with the Company, or which are likely to conflict
with the Employee’s job or his or her obligations to the Company.
E.
Business Opportunities; Competitive Interests; Corporate Opportunities
No Employee
may enter into any contract or arrangement, own any interest or be a director,
officer or consultant in or for an entity which enters into any contract or
arrangement (except for the ownership of non-controlling interests in
publicly-traded entities) with the Company for the providing of services to the
Company unless and until the material facts as to the relationship or interest
and the contract or transaction are fully disclosed to the Company's Compliance
Officer and approved by the Board of Directors. If approved by the Board of
Directors, the Company's Compliance Officer shall provide written confirmation
of the approval of said contract or transaction.
Each Employee
owes a duty to the Company to advance its legitimate interests when the
opportunity arises to do so. The Employee should refrain from and shall be
prohibited from: (i) taking for the Employee’s or for Employee’s personal
benefit opportunities that could advance the interests of the Company or benefit
the Company when such opportunities are discovered through the use of Company
property, information or position; (ii) using Company property, information or
position for personal gain; or (iii) competing with the Company.
II. Dealing
With Suppliers, Customers And Other Employees
The Company
obtains and keeps its business because of the quality of its operations.
Conducting business, however, with another Employee, supplier or customer can
pose ethical or even legal problems. The following guidelines are intended to
help all Employees make the appropriate decision in potentially difficult
situations.
A.
Bribes and Kickbacks
No Employee
may ever accept or pay bribes, kickbacks or other types of unusual payments from
or to any organization or individual seeking to do business with, doing business
with or competing with the Company.
B.
Gifts
An Employee
may accept gifts or entertainment of nominal value as part of the normal
business process if public knowledge of the Employee's acceptance could cause
the Company no conceivable embarrassment. Even a nominal gift and/or
entertainment should not be accepted if it might appear to an observer that the
gift and/or entertainment would influence the Employee's business decisions. The
term "nominal value" applies to the amount of the gift and/or its frequency;
i.e., frequent gifts, even if of nominal value, are unacceptable. The term
"entertainment" includes, but is not limited to, meals, charitable and sporting
events, parties, plays and concerts. If you have any questions about the
acceptance of entertainment or gifts, ask the Company's Compliance Officer or if
it involves the Compliance Officer, the Chief Executive Officer for advice.
C.
Travel and Entertainment Expenses
An Employee must comply with the Company's policy on travel
and entertainment expenses as set forth in the Company's policies and
procedures, as the same may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
D.
Relations with Government Personnel
The Company
will not offer, give or reimburse expenses for entertainment or gratuities
(including transportation, meals at business meetings or tickets to sporting or
other events) to government officials or to Employees who are prohibited from
receiving such by applicable government regulations.
E.
Payments to Agents, Consultants, Distributors, Contractors
Agreements
with agents, sales representatives, distributors, contractors and consultants
should be in writing and should clearly and accurately set forth the services to
be performed, the basis for earning the commission or fee involved and the
applicable rate or fee. Payments should be reasonable in amount and not
excessive in light of the practice in the trade and commensurate with the value
of services rendered.
F. Fair
Dealing
Each Employee
should endeavor to deal fairly with the Company's customers, suppliers,
competitors and other Employees.
III.
Books and Records
False or
misleading entries shall not be made in any reports, ledgers, books or records
of the Company nor shall any misrepresentation be made regarding the content
thereof. No Employee may engage in an arrangement that in any way may be
interpreted or construed as misstating or otherwise concealing the nature or
purpose of any entries in the books and records of the Company. No payment or
receipt on behalf of the Company may be approved or made with the intention or
understanding that any part of the payment or receipt is to be used for a
purpose other than that described in the documents supporting the transaction.
IV.
Competitive Practices
As a vigorous
competitor in the marketplace, the Company seeks economic knowledge about its
competitors; however, it will not engage nor will any Employee cause it to
engage in illegal acts to acquire a competitor's trade secrets, financial data,
information about company facilities, technical developments or operations.
V. Political Activities & Contributions
The Company encourages each of its Employees to be good
citizens and to participate in the political process. Employees should, however,
be aware that: (1) federal law and the statutes of some states in the U.S.
prohibit the Company from contributing, directly or indirectly, to political
candidates, political parties or party officials; and (2) An Employee who
participates in partisan political activities should ensure that the Employee
does not leave the impression that the Employee speaks or act for the Company.
VI.
Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations
The Company
proactively promotes compliance by all Employees with applicable laws, rules and
regulations of any governmental unit, agency or divisions thereof and the rules
and regulations of the American Stock Exchange, The NASD Stock Market and/or any
exchange upon which the Company's stock may be traded. The Company requires its
Employees to abide by the provisions of applicable law on trading on inside
information and all Employees are directed to refrain from trading in the
Company's stock based on inside information. The Company requires its Employees
to abide by applicable law and the Company's procedures with respect to periods
of time within which all or some cross-section of the Company's Employees will
be prevented from trading in the Company' stock. The Company requires each
Employee to abide by applicable law and the Company's policies with respect to
disclosures of material non-public information (Regulation FD).
VII.
Protection of Employees from Reprisal for Whistleblowing ("Whistleblowing
Policy")
A.
Purpose
To encourage
Employees to report Alleged Wrongful Conduct.
To prohibit
supervisory personnel from taking Adverse Personnel Action against an Employee
as a result of the Employee's good faith disclosure of Alleged Wrongful Conduct
to a Designated Company Officer or Director or to the Company's Audit Committee.
An Employee who discloses and subsequently suffers an adverse Personnel Action
as a result is subject to the protection of this Whistleblowing Policy.
B.
Applicability
An Employee
who discloses Alleged Wrongful Conduct, as defined in this Whistleblowing
Policy, and, who, as a result of the disclosure, is subject to an Adverse
Personnel Action.
C.
Whistleblowing Policy
Each Employee
is encouraged promptly to report Alleged Wrongful Conduct. No Adverse Personnel
Action may be taken against an Employee in Knowing Retaliation for any lawful
disclosure of information to a Designated Company Officer or Director or to the
Company's Audit Committee, which information the Employee in good faith believes
evidences: (i) a violation of any law; (ii) fraudulent or criminal conduct or
activities; (iii) questionable accounting or auditing matters or matters; (iv)
misappropriation of Company funds; or (v) violations of provisions of this Code
(such matters being collectively referred to herein as "Alleged Wrongful
Conduct").
No
supervisor, officer, director, department head or any other Employee with
authority to make or materially influence significant personnel decisions shall
take or recommend an Adverse Personnel Action against an Employee in Knowing
Retaliation for disclosing Alleged Wrongful Conduct to a Designated Company
Officer or Director or to the Company's Audit Committee.
D.
Definitions
In addition
to other terms as defined above, the terms set forth on Exhibit A
attached hereto shall have the meanings set forth thereon for purposes of this
Whistleblowing Policy.
E.
Making A Disclosure
An Employee
who becomes aware of Alleged Wrongful Conduct is encouraged to make a Disclosure
to a Designated Company Officer or Director or to the Company's Audit Committee
as soon as possible.
F.
Legitimate Employment Action
This
Whistleblowing Policy may not be used as a defense by an Employee against whom
an Adverse Personnel Action has been taken for legitimate reasons or cause. It
shall not be a violation of this Whistleblowing Policy to take Adverse Personnel
Action against an Employee whose conduct or performance warrants that action
separate and apart from the Employee making a disclosure.
G.
Whistleblowing Statutes
An Employee's
protection under this Whistleblowing Policy is in addition to any protections
such Employee may have pursuant to any applicable state or federal law and this
Whistleblowing Policy shall not be construed as limiting any of such
protections.
VIII.
Audit Committee Procedures - Receipt, Retention and Treatment of Complaints
Regarding Accounting, Internal Accounting Controls or Auditing Matters
Pursuant to
the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Company's Audit
Committee (and in absence of an Audit Committee, the Company’s Board of
Directors) has established the following procedures for the receipt, retention
and treatment of complaints by an Employee regarding the Company's accounting,
internal accounting controls or auditing matters.
A.
Purpose
To promote
and encourage Company Employees to report complaints, problems or questionable
practices relative to accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing
matters (collectively referred to herein as "Accounting Concerns").
B.
Applicability
All
Employees.
C.
Procedures
Any Employee
who has, knows of or has reason to know or suspect the existence of any
Accounting Concern is encouraged to report such Accounting Concern, promptly and
in writing, to the Company's Compliance Officer and the Audit Committee (and in
the absence of the Audit Committee, the Company’s Board of Directors) at the
following address:
Compliance Officer
Elite Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
165 Ludlow AvenueNorthvale, NJ 06830
with a copy to:
Chairman of the Board of Directors
Elite Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
165 Ludlow Avenue
Northvale, NJ 06830
Submissions
by an Employee of Accounting Concerns may be signed by the Employee or may be
anonymous. Submissions by an Employee of Accounting Concerns should be
sufficiently detailed so as to provide the necessary information to the
Company's Audit Committee as to the nature of the Accounting Concerns, the
violation or potential violation of any federal or state law or regulation or
the nature of any questionable accounting or auditing practice or matter.
Employees are encouraged to include as much factual data as possible in any
submissions of Accounting Concerns and an Employee shall not utilize the
submission of an Accounting Concern for the sole purpose of harassing another
Employee. Submissions by an Employee of Accounting Concerns shall be copied by
the Compliance Officer and retained in a file entitled "Accounting Concerns
Report File" to be kept separate from the files of the Company's Accounting
Department.
The Chairman
of the Audit Committee (or in the absence of an Audit Committee, the Chairman of
the Board of Directors) shall review and investigate or cause to be investigated
each submission by an Employee of Accounting Concerns that suggests any
violation of Company policies, violation of any federal or state laws or
regulations or any questionable accounting or auditing practice or matter. The
Chairman of the Audit Committee (or in the absence of an Audit Committee, the
Chairman of the Board of Directors) may utilize the services of the Company's
outside legal counsel in any such investigations. In the event the Chairman of
the Audit Committee (or in the absence of an Audit Committee, the Chairman of
the Board of Directors) shall determine that any Accounting Concern is of
sufficient veracity and significance so as to mandate any action by the Company,
the Chairman of the Audit Committee (or in the absence of an Audit Committee,
the Chairman of the Board of Directors) shall report the Accounting Concern to
the Audit Committee and, if necessary, to the Company's Board of Directors with
a recommendation as to specific action to be taken. In extreme cases where an
Accounting Concern has been reported that involves a violation or potential
violation of federal or state laws or regulations and the Chairman of the Audit
Committee (or in the absence of an Audit Committee, the Chairman of the Board of
Directors) has determined that such report is accurate or that sufficient
evidence exists to create a significant concern as to whether such violation has
occurred or will occur, the Chairman of the Audit Committee (or in the absence
of an Audit Committee, the Chairman of the Board of Directors) may report such
Accounting Concern to the appropriate government authority.
D.
Protections
An Employee
who submits reports of Accounting Concerns shall be entitled to the protection
of the Whistleblowing Policy set forth above.
IX. Public Company Reporting
As a public
company, it is important that the Company's filings with the SEC and other
public disclosures of information be complete, fair, accurate and timely. An
Employee of the Company may be called upon to provide necessary information to
ensure that the Company's public reports are complete, fair and accurate. The
Company expects each officer, director and other Employee to take this
responsibility seriously and to provide prompt, complete, fair and accurate
responses to inquiries with respect to the Company’s public disclosure
requirements. With respect to the officers, directors and other Employees who
may be participating in the preparation of reports, information, press releases,
forms or other information to be publicly disclosed through filings with the SEC
or as mandated by the SEC, such officers, directors and other Employees are
expected to use their diligent efforts to ensure that such reports, press
releases, forms or other information are complete, fair, accurate and timely.
X.
Compliance and Discipline
All Employees
are required to comply with this Code. An Employee is expected to report
violations of this Code and assist the Company, when necessary, in investigating
violations.
Failure to
comply with this Code will result in disciplinary action that may include
suspension, termination, referral for criminal prosecution and/or reimbursement
to the Company for any losses or damages resulting from the violation. The
Company reserves the right to terminate any Employee immediately for a single
violation of this Code.
An Employee
may be asked from to time to reaffirm the Employee’s understanding of and
willingness to comply with this Code by signing an appropriate certificate (see
Appendix A).
XI. Adoption,
Amendment and Waiver
A.
Adoption and Amendment
This Code has
been adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors and may be changed, altered or
amended at any time. The interpretation of any matter with respect to this Code
by the Board of Directors shall be final and binding.
B.
Waiver
Waivers of
the provisions of this Code may be granted or withheld from time to time by the
Company in its sole discretion. Waivers are only effective if set forth in
writing after full disclosure of the facts and circumstances surrounding the
waiver. Waivers for the benefit of directors and executive officers must be
approved by the Board of Directors and will be publicly disclosed by the
Company. All other waivers may be approved by the Compliance Officer and may be
publicly disclosed by the Company.
NO EMPLOYMENT
CONTRACT
Nothing
contained herein shall be construed as limiting the Company’s right to terminate
an Employee immediately for any reason. This Code does not provide any
guarantees of continued employment, nor does it constitute an employment
contract between the Company and any Employee.